کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
3063977 | 1580398 | 2014 | 8 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
• We examined triggers of brain inflammation in murine pneumococcal meningitis.
• TNF-α and IL-1β were assessed by real time PCR and in situ hybridization.
• Brain cytokine upregulation was independent of cerebrospinal fluid leukocytosis.
• Brain cytokine upregulation was independent of pneumococcal toxins.
• Pneumococcal cell wall triggered brain TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA induction.
Triggers of brain inflammation in pneumococcal meningitis are unknown. TNF-α and IL-1β were upregulated (real time PCR and in situ hybridization) in neurons and astrocytes time-dependently and maximally in the hippocampus during murine pneumococcal meningitis. Upregulation of TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA in the brain parenchyma was independent of cerebrospinal fluid leukocytosis, pneumococcal pneumolysin and H2O2, but it was potently induced by pneumococcal cell wall (PCW) fragments. Brain TNF-α mRNA was downregulated by a matrix metalloproteinases inhibitor. PCW fragments were located in the brain parenchyma. In conclusion, PCW fragments and matrix metalloproteinases trigger cytokine induction in the brain parenchyma during pneumococcal meningitis.
Journal: Journal of Neuroimmunology - Volume 276, Issues 1–2, 15 November 2014, Pages 104–111