Systemic lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced microglial activation results in different temporal reduction of CD200 and CD200 receptor gene expression in the brain

LPS activates microglia, which are normally maintained in a quiescent state by CD200–CD200 receptor (CD200R) interaction. MAC-1 (a microglia marker) mRNA expression was increased in mice brains up to 1 year post LPS administration (i.p.). Minocycline treatment did not prevent LPS (5 mg/kg)-induced increase in MAC-1 mRNA but reduced that induced by 0.1 mg/kg LPS. CD200R mRNA decreased starting at 4 h, whereas CD200 mRNA increased at 4 h and decreased at 1 year post LPS inoculation. Thus, LPS-induced changes in CD200–CD200R equilibrium might keep microglia chronically activated. Minocycline does not effectively inhibit microglia activation induced by high-dose LPS.