Variables communalities and dependence to factors of street system, density, and mixed land use in sustainable site design

Human activities including usage of resources as well as disposing wastage have always had an impact on environment and have become a source of pollution on earth. Rapid industrial growth and more attention towards fossil fuel based development are the causes for the increase in average global temperature and pollution. Urban areas are usually places where the highest section of population and activities can be found. Urban form and arranging its element are important factors towards sustainable built environment. Street system, density, and mixed land use are key components of urban areas. Current research by using factor analysis determines the variables along with their communalities in factors of street system, density, and mixed land use. The research was conducted in the Subang Jaya township of Kuala Lumpur in Malaysia which consists of 155 neighbourhoods. Wherever street density and intersection density as main structure of street system increases, block length and lot size decreases. Population density and house density show high correlation with factor of density. Apartments with more than four levels show negative correlation with one or two level traditional house including detached houses and semi-detached houses. Street density, house density, house diversity, proportion of row houses, proportion of detached house, and non-residential/total land use influence neighbourhood accessibility (NA) index positively and significantly. Distance to shops, distance to high school, distance to health centre, distance to train station, and land diversity influence NA index negatively and significantly.

► Street densities and intersection densities show high positive correlated with NA.
► Block length and lot size show high negative correlated with NA.
► Population density and house density show high positive coefficient with NA index.
► Apartments show negative correlation with detached houses and semi-detached houses.
► Distance to shop, park, mosque, health, and industry show negative coefficient on NA.