Effects of autogenous growth factors on heterotopic bone formation of osteogenic cells in small animal model

AimsThis study used a new approach to investigate the effective concentrations of growth factors released from platelet concentrate (PC) on the bone formation capacity of osteogenically differentiated rat bone marrow stromal cells (rBMSCs).Materials and methodsRat BMSCs and whole blood were harvested from 40 adult male Spraque-Dawly rats. Rat BMSCs were expanded in an osteogenic medium and seeded on inert collagenous bovine bone matrix (ICBM). Growth factors released from degranulated PC (GFs) containing TGF-β1 1 (25 ng/ml)–10 ng (250 ng/ml) and rhBMP-2 400 ng (10 μg/ml) were suspended in 40 μl platelet poor plasma (PPP) and applied on the ICBM–rBMSC constructs or ICBM only, respectively. The constructs were then transplanted in autologous hosts for 4 weeks. Concurrently, osteoblastic differentiation of rBMSCs on ICBM–rBMSC–PPP constructs was characterized in vitro.ResultsRat BMSCs in osteogenic medium exhibited phenotypes of mature osteoblasts. The amount of newly formed bone among groups of ICBM–rBMSC–PPP with and without GFs was not significantly different (p > 0.05) and was significantly lower than a group of ICBM–PPP–BMP-2 (p < 0.05).ConclusionsAutogenous GFs had no effect on the capacity of rBMSCs to form new bone. The ability to measure the bone formation capacity of transplanted autologous cells and growth factors in a small animal model was demonstrated.