Surface treatment at the cervical region and its effect on bone maintenance after immediate implantation: an experimental study in dogs

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of surface treatment at the cervical region of endosseous dental implants on the alveolar bone remodeling after implantation immediately after tooth extraction in a dog model.Study designThe third and fourth premolars of 6 dogs were bilaterally extracted with a full-thickness flap, and threaded implants presenting a textured or a polished surface at the cervical regions were placed on the distal root extraction sockets. Submerged healing was allowed for 4 weeks, and bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and buccal and lingual bone loss were morphometrically measured.ResultsThe BIC and lingual bone loss were not significantly different between textured and polished groups. Significantly lower buccal bone loss (P < .01) was observed for the textured surface at 4 weeks in vivo.ConclusionTextured surface implants placed immediately after tooth extraction resulted in less bone loss only at the buccal cervical region compared with smooth surface implants.