The Impact of Trauma Systems on Disaster Preparedness: A Systematic Review

Trauma systems facilitate efficient triage, distribution, and treatment of patients requiring acute trauma care by connecting prehospital providers, trauma centers, other hospitals, rehabilitation facilities, and follow-up care providers. We examined the impact of trauma systems on disaster preparedness and determined which features of trauma systems enable improved response to disasters. Twenty-two articles were analyzed, including reports of various trauma systems' previous disaster response, comparisons of preparedness in areas with trauma systems to those without, and examinations of the role of trauma systems in preparing for and responding to disasters. Four aspects of trauma systems emerged as being valuable for disaster preparedness and response: communication, triage, transport, and training. These elements help trauma systems achieve timely and appropriate distribution and care of disaster victims. This review demonstrates the importance of establishing a network of care that enables trauma systems to effectively prepare for and respond to disasters.