Novel Applications in Pediatric Emergency Ultrasound

New indications for bedside emergency ultrasound are consistently being described in the literature. In recent years, emergency ultrasound has been used in the diagnosis of ocular trauma, the measurement of optic nerve sheath diameter as a surrogate for intracranial pressure, the confirmation of endotracheal tube placement, the diagnosis of hip effusions, the identification of landmarks during lumbar puncture, procedural guidance during peripheral nerve blocks, and the diagnosis of skull fractures. Many of these applications have not been rigorously studied in pediatric patients; however, this article offers a summary of the latest applications of this diagnostic tool in emergency care.