Éléments-trace (zinc, sélénium, chrome, fer), syndrome métabolique et diabète de type 2

Trace element (zinc, selenium, chromium) deficiencies or overload (Iron) could be directly implicated in the metabolic syndrome (MS) and type 2 diabetes to counteract insulin resistance, increased oxidative stress and inflammation. Selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn), as key components of antioxidant enzymes, are involved in protecting cells against oxidative damage and inflammation, and chromium (Cr3+), beside Zn, acts as insulin potentiating factor and improves insulin sensitivity. In contrast, in MS, iron (Fe) overload, is pro-oxidant and increases the risk of cardiometabolic syndrome. In addition to the nutritional prevention aiming to increase Zn, Cr and Se in the diet, a potential beneficial effect of Zn and Cr supplementation in the prevention of MS features can also be considered. In contrast, iron and selenium supplementation should be avoided.