Mecanismos moleculares de toxicidad en la sobrecarga alumínica

Aluminum (Al) is able to inhibit parathyroid hormone (PTH) synthesis and secretion, although the subjacent molecular mechanisms are unknown. Recent studies have shown that this inhibition occurs through a post-transcriptional mechanism. Similarly to calcium, the main regulator of parathyroid function, Al also decreases parathyroid cell proliferation. Finally, Al is also able to activate the calcium-sensing receptor (CaR) at the micromolar level, thus demonstrating that this is the mechanism by which parathyroid glands sense the metal. In summary these results show for the firs time that Al-induced impairment of parathyroid function is a calcium-like mechanism. In addition, this effect is the consequence of a low specificity of the CaR.