Zastosowanie procedury time-out w redukcji zachowań stereotypowych u dziecka z niepełnosprawnością intelektualną

ObjectivesThe aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Time-out procedure in reducing behaviours maintained by negative reinforcement.MethodAt the beginning, a functional analysis was conducted in order to identify functions of the stereotypical behaviour (spitting) performed by a 6-year-old developmentally delayed child. Later on the frequency of the target behaviour was measured before and during applying the Time-out procedure and then again during a temporary withdrawal of the procedure and after reapplying it.ResultsThe number of the target behaviour decreased while the procedure was being applied whereas it increased after its withdrawal.ConclusionA procedure based on negative punishment can be effectively used to reduce behaviours maintained by negative reinforcement. This apparent paradox can be explained by the fact that the Time-out procedure does not allow the subject to escape the situation completely, but only delays it.