کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
3364134 1592126 2010 6 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Diarrhea in children less than two years of age with known HIV status in Kisumu, Kenya
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری ایمنی شناسی و میکروب شناسی میکروبیولوژی و بیوتکنولوژی کاربردی
پیش نمایش صفحه اول مقاله
Diarrhea in children less than two years of age with known HIV status in Kisumu, Kenya
چکیده انگلیسی

ObjectiveTo compare the frequency and etiology of diarrhea in children aged less than 2 years with known HIV status.MethodsThis was a nested cohort study, whereby children were followed during monthly routine and unscheduled visits. The HIV status of children was determined with PCR. A stool culture was obtained from children with diarrhea. A subset of stool samples was examined for parasites and tested for rotavirus.ResultsBetween 1997 and 2001, 682 children (51.0% male) contributed observation periods with a mean of 47 weeks. Overall there were 198 episodes of diarrhea per 100 child-years of observation (CYO); diarrhea was more common among HIV-positive children than among HIV-negative children (321 vs. 183 episodes/100 CYO, respectively, p < 0.01) and was not statistically different for HIV-negative children born to HIV-positive compared with HIV-negative mothers (182 vs. 187 episodes/100 CYO, respectively, p = 0.36). For 66.5% of the acute episodes a stool culture was obtained; 27.8% of stool cultures yielded a bacterial pathogen. A positive stool culture was less likely among HIV-positive children compared to children of HIV-negative mothers (20.5% vs. 34.3%, p = 0.01). Susceptibility of Salmonella and Shigella to commonly used antibiotics was low. Rotavirus was detected in 13.9% of 202 examined stool samples, and a stool parasite in 3.8% of 394 samples. Diarrhea was associated with 37.8% of child deaths.ConclusionsDiarrhea was more common among HIV-infected children, but was not associated with specific bacterial pathogens. Measures that reduce diarrhea will benefit all children, but may benefit HIV-infected children in particular.

ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: International Journal of Infectious Diseases - Volume 14, Issue 3, March 2010, Pages e220–e225
نویسندگان
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