Optimization, in vitro release and bioavailability of γ-oryzanol-loaded calcium pectinate microparticles reinforced with chitosan

Response surface methodology was used to optimize coating conditions, including chitosan concentration (X1) and coating time (X2), for sustained release of chitosan-coated Ca-pectinate (CP) microparticles containing oryzanol (OZ). The optimized values of X1 and X2 were found to be 1.48% and 69.92 min, respectively. These optimized values agreed favorably with the predicted results, indicating the utility of predictive models for the release of OZ in simulated intestinal fluid. In vitro release studies revealed that the chitosan-coated CP microparticles were quite stable under acidic conditions, but swell and disintegrate under alkaline conditions. In vivo release study of OZ, physically entrapped within chitosan-coated CP microcapsules, demonstrated the sustained release of OZ and could be used to improve the bioavailability of OZ following oral administration.