کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
353467 | 618801 | 2015 | 21 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
• Maternal prenatal stress (MPS) is linked to infant birth weight and gestational age.
• Research results have varied greatly.
• This meta-analysis examines several moderators of this relation.
• Greater effect sizes are found when stress is defined as pregnancy specific.
• Effect size is also moderated by national context and risk.
The present meta-analysis addresses the relation between maternal prenatal stress (MPS) and infant birth weight and gestational age in 88 prospective studies (N = 5,889,930) published between 1970 and 2012. The results suggest that this relation is significant (d = −.12; 95% CI: −.17, −.08). Three factors moderated overall effect size: 1) The type of MPS assessment: Pregnancy-related stress and anxiety yielded greater effect sizes (d = −.25; 95% CI:−.32, −.18; k = 22) than trait-based assessments (d = −.13; 95% CI:−.22, −.03; k = 22), life event measures (d = −.03; 95% CI:−.05, −.01; k = 55) or exposure to natural disasters (d = −.11; 95% CI:−.21, −.02; k = 24). Both state (d = −.14; 95% CI:−.25, −.03; k = 82) and trait MPS assessments yielded greater effect sizes than life event measures of stress; 2) studies involving high-risk samples tended to yield greater associations (d = −.26; 95% CI: −.44, −.09; k = 16) than those involving low-risk groups (d = −.08; 95% CI: −.13, .04; k = 72); 3) studies conducted outside of North America (d = −.01; 95% CI: −.14, −.06; k = 50) or Europe (d = −.06; 95% CI: −.12, −.01; k = 31) yielded greater effect sizes (d = −.70; 95% CI: −1.14, −.24; k = 7). Discussion focuses on the need to identify the kinds of stress most related to birth outcome, as well as the biological and environmental contexts that serve to mediate this relation.
Journal: Developmental Review - Volume 36, June 2015, Pages 179–199