Prospective Evaluation of the Clinical Usefulness of Reflex Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization Assay in Patients With Atypical Cytology for the Detection of Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder

This prospective evaluation of a reflex fluorescence in situ hybridization assay in patients with atypical cytology shows that the assay was unnecessary in patients with obvious tumors on cystoscopy but it was beneficial in patients with equivocal or negative cystoscopy. Fluorescence in situ hybridization assay identified all high grade cancers. It may help avoid unnecessary evaluation in patients with atypical cytology and equivocal or negative cystoscopy, while identifying those who would need further evaluation.