Ovarian cryopreservation and transplantation for fertility preservation for medical indications: report of an ongoing experience

ObjectiveTo assess the indications, safety, utilization, and success of ovarian tissue freezing and transplantation.DesignProspective longitudinal analysis.SettingAcademic medical centers.Patient(s)Fifty-nine women who underwent ovarian tissue cryopreservation with a slow freezing technique between May 1997 and March 2008. A follow-up was conducted 36.8 ± 3.6 months after the procedure.Intervention(s)Ovarian tissue harvesting and cryopreservation.Main Outcome Measure(s)Indications, safety, and utilization rates.Result(s)The mean age (± SE) was 26.7 ±1.2 years (range 4–44 years). The majority of patients had either hematologic malignancies (45.7%) or breast cancer (22%). Of these, 57.6% underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. No complications occurred and no histologic evidence of cancer was found in the harvested tissue. The median length of storage was 3.5 ± 0.3 years (0.06–10.5 years). Fifty-six of 59 patients have not yet used their ovarian tissue. The reasons for nonutilization were social/personal, being still under treatment, and death in 54%, 38%, and 8%, respectively. Only three women (5.1%) underwent transplantation, two with the heterotopic (abdominal wall) and one with the orthotopic technique. One woman with a heterotopic transplant conceived spontaneously and delivered. Of the three transplants, one ceased function after 9 months and two are still functioning at up to 7 years follow-up.Conclusion(s)Ovarian tissue harvesting appears to be safe but the experience with ovarian transplantation is still limited due to low utilization. As a result, the true value of this procedure remains to be determined.