Soft risk maps of natural disasters and their applications to decision-making

A soft risk map of natural disaster is aimed at the visualization of risk levels of natural disasters defined by the fuzzy probabilities. In this paper, we discuss three soft risk maps and show their applications. A soft risk map of flood is applied to help choose zones for investment in projects whose profits depend on water resources, cost and flood risk. A soft risk map of drought can help an investor to choose an appropriate city to invest in a flower shop whose profits depend on drought risk and the number of customers. With a soft risk map of earthquake, a licensee designing a nuclear power station can reasonably adjust the earthquake-resistant parameters to avoid underestimating earthquake.