Can Three-dimensional (3D) power Doppler and uterine artery Doppler differentiate between fibroids and adenomyomas?

Purpose: To determine if the three-dimensional power Doppler and uterine arteries Doppler were able to differentiate between fibroids and adenomyomas. Methods: 123 patients who were scheduled for hysterectomy were enrolled in the study. They were evaluated by ultrasound before hysterectomy. We included only cases with either fibroids or adenomymas. For each benign myometrial mass, mass volume, 3D power Doppler vascularization index (VI), flow index (FI) and vascularization flow index (VFI) and uterine artery Doppler indices were measured. The results were compared with the histopathological examination. Results: No significant difference was detected between the volume of the fibroids or the adenomyomas (P = 0.896). There was significant difference in the vascular location of the power Doppler flow between fibroids and adenomyomas being more scattered in adenomyoma and more peripheral in fibroids (P < 0.00). In fibroids, higher 3D power Doppler vascular flow (VI = 2.42 ± 2.0, FI = 39.931 ± 5.8 and VFI = 1.29 ± 1.54) than adenomyomas (VI = 1.19 ± 1.04, FI = 28.33 ± 6.88, VFI = 0.89 ± 0.49). That was statistically significant (P = 0.005, 0.00, 0.004) respectively. The uterine artery Doppler indices (RI, PI) showed no significant difference between fibroids and adenomyoma (P = 0.349, 0.067). Conclusion: 3D power Doppler can differentiate between fibroids and adenomyomas. The uterine arteries Doppler Can’t differentiate between fibroids and adenomyomas.