Insights into human endometrial receptivity from transcriptomic and proteomic data

The appreciation of endometrial receptivity is a crucial step in assisted reproductive technology as implantation failures are thought to result, in large part, from abnormal endometrial receptivity. Using emerging omics technologies, investigators have begun to define both molecular signatures and specific biomarkers of receptive endometrium. The aim of this review was to analyse the new perspectives brought to the appreciation of endometrial receptivity by transcriptomic and proteomic technologies, involving the analysis of gene- or protein-expression-profile shifts between the pre-receptive and receptive secretory stages and how they might lead to new strategies for endometrial receptivity assessments. The use of omics as molecular tools to determine the effects of stimulation protocols on endometrial gene expression and clinical outcomes has also been investigated.The appreciation of endometrial receptivity is a crucial step in assisted reproductive technology as implantation failures are thought to result, in large part, from abnormal endometrial receptivity. Using emerging omics technologies, investigators have begun to define both molecular signatures and specific biomarkers of receptive endometrium. The aim of this review is to analyse the new perspectives brought to the appreciation of endometrial receptivity by omics technologies, involving the analysis of gene- or protein-expression-profile shifts between the pre-receptive and receptive secretory stages, and how they might lead to new strategies for endometrial receptivity assessments. The use of omics during IVF procedures as molecular tools to determine the effects of stimulation protocols on endometrial gene expression and clinical outcomes has also been investigated.