Estimation of synchronous generator parameters using the standstill step-voltage test and a hybrid Genetic Algorithm

The parameter estimation of a synchronous generator using the dc-step voltage is presented in this paper. The dc-step voltage is a standstill experiment needed to generate the required data to estimate the fundamental parameters of the d–q axis equivalent circuits. A hybrid Genetic Algorithm is used in the estimation process. A model with one damper winding along each axis is adopted. The unequal mutual effect of field and d-axis damper windings is taken into account. To check the validity of the estimated parameters, a sudden three-phase short-circuit test is applied at the generator terminals. The measured data are compared against the simulation response of the machine model using the parameters estimated from the dc-step voltage. Furthermore, the description of the developed experimental setups for both standstill and online tests is presented. A synchronous generator of 7 kVA, 220 V, 1800 rpm, 60 Hz was used in the study.

► We estimate the model parameters of synchronous generators using a step voltage.
► Fundamental parameters were estimated using a stochastic optimization method.
► The model was validated with the sudden three-phase short-circuit of a 7 kVA generator.
► An experimental setup that allows the acquisition of generator variables was used.