Proteomics in uveal melanoma

• A brief overview of proteomic technologies.
• A review of proteomic studies of uveal melanoma.
• Novel proteins identified in uveal melanoma and clinical implications.
• Current proteomic research in uveal melanoma.
• Future areas for research.

Uveal melanoma is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in adults, with an incidence of 5–7 per million per year. It is associated with the development of metastasis in about 50% of cases, and 40% of patients with uveal melanoma die of metastatic disease despite successful treatment of the primary tumour. The survival rates at 5, 10 and 15 years are 65%, 50% and 45% respectively. Unlike progress made in many other areas of cancer, uveal melanoma is still poorly understood and survival rates have remained similar over the past 25 years. Recently, advances made in molecular genetics have improved our understanding of this disease and stratification of patients into low risk and high risk for developing metastasis. However, only a limited number of studies have been performed using proteomic methods. This review will give an overview of various proteomic technologies currently employed in life sciences research, and discuss proteomic studies of uveal melanoma.