کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
4111218 1605800 2007 7 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
The Use of Botulinum Toxin A in Perioral Rejuvenation
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم پزشکی و سلامت پزشکی و دندانپزشکی بیماری های گوش و جراحی پلاستیک صورت
پیش نمایش صفحه اول مقاله
The Use of Botulinum Toxin A in Perioral Rejuvenation
چکیده انگلیسی

Botulinum toxin A is an effective and safe treatment for perioral rejuvenation. This article explores the application of this toxin for cosmetic use in the perioral region, facial asymmetry, and improved facial wound healing. This article also describes how the use of botulinum toxin A, which has traditionally been used on the upper one third of the face, has expanded to the lower two thirds with the advent of a new formulation that consists of botulinum toxin combined with an anesthetic agent and a vasoconstrictor. The new formula provides the injecting physician with immediate feedback on the eventual treatment effect and reduces local diffusion of the simultaneously injected agents, potentially limiting systemic absorption and diffusion to neighboring muscle groups and adding to an already remarkable safety profile.

ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America - Volume 15, Issue 4, November 2007, Pages 415–421
نویسندگان
, , , ,