Management of skull base fractures

Frontal sinus fractures have long been considered controversial and, to this day, no absolute guidelines exist for management. However, it is generally agreed that complications are more likely to occur when there is either blockage of active outflow from the frontal sinus or when there is communication between the anterior cranial fossa and the sinonasal cavities. The following discussion will focus on the latter problem when fractures involve the anterior skull base in addition to frontal sinus and cranial fractures.