Operative tracheotomy

Tracheotomy is a surgical procedure in which a tracheocutaneous airway is created in the anterior neck. Tracheotomy may be indicated in many situations such as prolonged endotracheal intubation, acute or chronic upper airway obstruction, bronchopulmonary hygiene, or in certain otolaryngologic surgical procedures. The basic technique and variations are described. Complications and a review of the literature is provided.