Pharyngeal adaptation in Zenker's diverticulum: The “faux pharyngoesophageal segment”

BackgroundWe have noticed a protrusion on the pharyngeal wall in patients with Zenker's diverticulum (ZD). The protrusion gives the appearance of a neo-pharyngoesophageal segment (faux-PES) and may represent an adaptation to protect the airway.Study DesignA case-control study.MethodologyThe fluoroscopic swallow studies of patients with ZD were compared with matched controls. Information regarding the presence and location of a faux-PES, true PES opening, pharyngeal constriction, and laryngohyoid elevation was compared.ResultsThe fluoroscopic swallow studies of 31 patients with ZD were compared with 31 controls. A faux-PES was found in 100 percent of ZD patients and in 0 percent of controls. The mean maximum opening of the faux-PES was 1.5 (±0.27) cm. The faux-PES was located 1 cm above the true PES below the entrance to the supraglottic airway. This is the optimal location for airway defense.ConclusionsThe faux-PES was identified in 100 percent of patients with ZD. The faux-PES may represent a physiologic adaptation to protect the airway from regurgitation out of a ZD.