Mutación de BRAFV600E en restos nefrogénicos perilobares hiperplásicos activos asociados a adenoma metanéfrico

The RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK intracellular signaling cascade is one of the most ubiquitous molecular pathways through which human neoplasms arise. Alterations in BRAFV600E work as well-recognized oncogenic driver mutations in melanoma, colorectal, lung and thyroid papillary carcinoma. BRAFV600E mutations have also been reported in the 90% of metanephric adenomas. It has been suggested that the development of the latter could be related to the developing proximal tubule of the foetal kidney or nephrogenic rests, which are supposed to be putative precursors of Wilms tumour. We report a case of synchronous active hyperplastic perilobar nephrogenic rests and metanephric adenoma harbouring a BRAFV600E mutation confirmed by polymerase chain reaction.