The (f)utility of flexion-extension C-spine films in the setting of trauma

BackgroundFlexion-extension radiographs are often used to assess for removal of the cervical collar in the setting of trauma. The objective of this study was to evaluate their adequacy. We hypothesized that a significant proportion is inadequate.MethodsThis was a retrospective review of C-spine clearance at a level 1 trauma center. A trauma-trained radiologist interpreted all flexion-extension radiographs for adequacy. Studies performed within 7 days of injury were considered acute.ResultsThree hundred fifty-five flexion-extension radiographs were examined. Ninety-five percent% of these studies were inadequate (51% because of the inability to visualize the top of T1, whereas 44% had less than 30° of angulation from neutral). Two hundred ten studies were performed acutely; of these, 97% were inadequate. When performed 7 days or longer from injury, 91% were inadequate.ConclusionsInjury to the C-spine may harbor significant consequences; therefore, its proper evaluation is critical. The majority of flexion-extension films are inadequate. As such, they should not be included in the algorithm for removal of the cervical collar. If used, adequacy must be verified and supplemental radiographic studies obtained as indicated.