In Vitro Study of Variables Relevant to Perioperative Care of the Surgical Patient: Glucose, Osmolarity, and Rewarming

The presumed inert mannitol was found to significantly decrease ROS formation, but had no effect on HLA-DR surface expression. In addition, the effects of hypothermia on HLA-DR surface expression or ROS formation may be better reversed within 2 hours than in 1 hour.