Sex steroids and brain structure in pubertal boys and girls: a mini-review of neuroimaging studies

▶Testosterone in boys predicts white matter growth in the cerebrum. ▶Estradiol and testosterone in girls are related to gray matter decreases. ▶Steroid-linked genes play an important role in human pubertal brain development. ▶Brain pathways involved in emotional processing develop along with pubertal maturation.