Butyrylcholinesterase, ApoE and Alzheimer's disease in a population from the Canary Islands (Spain)

Aim: Cholinergic dysfunction is a major neurochemical feature in Alzheimer's disease (AD), accountable for many cognitive dysfunctions and some psychiatric symptoms. Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is one of the cholinesterases with increased activity in the brain of Alzheimer's patients. Several mutations code for different BChE, such as the K variant, which is the most common and is capable of reducing BChE activity by 30%. We studied the relationship between this K variant and Alzheimer's disease in our population from the Canary Islands (Spain). Patients and methods: We used DNA PCR-RFLP techniques to compare 282 patients who had been diagnosed with probable Alzheimer's disease – according to NINCS-ADRDA criteria – with 312 control subjects confirmed to be free of cognitive impairment as assessed by using the CAMDEX cognitive subscale CAMCOG. Results: In our population the K variant of BChE is linked to the age of diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease, since AD individuals with this allele presented the disease at a later stage. No other susceptibility relations are exposed in this study. In addition, the BChE allelic frequencies in our population are higher than those previously reported.