Fusarium temperatum and Fusarium subglutinans isolated from maize in Argentina

• Fusarium temperatum was isolated from maize harvested in the Northwest region of Argentina
• EF-1α analyses allowed identify F. temperatum of F. subglutinans
• Two mating types were observed among the isolates
• Interfertility was observed between both phylogenetic species
• F. subglutinans produced fusaproliferin and F. temperatum produced fusaproliferin, beauvericin and fumonisin B1

Fusarium temperatum and Fusarium subglutinans isolated from the Northwest region (NOA region) of Argentina were characterized using a polyphasic approach based on morphological, biological and molecular markers. Some interfertility between the species was observed. The phylogenetic analysis showed that the two species represented two clades strongly supported by bootstrap values. The toxigenic profile of the strains was also determined. F. temperatum strains were fusaproliferin and beauvericin producers, and only some strains were fumonisin B1 producers. All F. subglutinans strains produced fusaproliferin but none produced beauvericin, indicating a potential toxicological risk from maize harvested in the NOA region of Argentina. This study provides new information about F. temperatum isolated from maize in Argentina.