Effects of simulated storm sizes and nitrogen on three Chihuahuan Desert perennial herbs and a grass

► Simulated rain event frequency and size had mixed effects on perennial herbs. ► Nitrogen fertilization had no effect or adverse effect on perennial herbs. ► Wild onion failed to establish with 25 mm month−1 irrigation. ► Biomass and abundance of a tussock grass was highest with 6 mm week−1 plus nitrogen.