کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
4423310 1308820 2011 10 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
How to assess exposure of aquatic organisms to manufactured nanoparticles?
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری علوم محیط زیست شیمی زیست محیطی
پیش نمایش صفحه اول مقاله
How to assess exposure of aquatic organisms to manufactured nanoparticles?
چکیده انگلیسی

Ecological risk of chemicals is measured by the quotient of predicted no-effect concentrations and predicted exposure concentrations, which are hard to assess for manufactured nanomaterials (NMs). This paper proposes modifications to currently used models, in order to make them suitable for estimating exposure concentrations of NMs in the aquatic environment. We have evaluated the adequacy of the current guidance documents for use with NMs and conclude that nano-specific fate processes, such as sedimentation and dissolution need to be incorporated. We have reviewed the literature on sedimentation and dissolution of NMs in environmentally relevant systems. We deduce that the overall kinetics of water–sediment transport of NMs should be close to first order. The lack of data on dissolution of NMs under environmentally realistic conditions calls for a pragmatic decision on which rates to be used in modeling. We find that first order removal kinetics for dissolution seems adequate. Based on limited data from literature, probable removal rates range from 0 to 10−4 s−1 for sedimentation, and from 0 to 10−5 s−1 for dissolution. Further experimental data at environmentally relevant conditions for sedimentation and dissolution of NMs is needed.

Research Highlights
► Exposure assessment of nanomaterials is dependent on nano-specific fate processes.
► Sedimentation and dissolution are important removal processes for nanomaterials.
► First order removal kinetics are adequate for modeling nano-removal processes.

ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Environment International - Volume 37, Issue 6, August 2011, Pages 1068–1077
نویسندگان
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