کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
4430971 1619884 2009 12 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
A GIS-based method for modelling air pollution exposures across Europe
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری علوم محیط زیست شیمی زیست محیطی
پیش نمایش صفحه اول مقاله
A GIS-based method for modelling air pollution exposures across Europe
چکیده انگلیسی

A GIS-based moving window approach was developed as a means for generating high resolution air pollution maps over large geographic areas. The approach is demonstrated by modelling annual mean NO2 pollution for the EU-15 (excluding Sweden) at the 1 km level on the basis of emissions and meteorological data. Models were developed using monitoring data from 714 background NO2 sites for 2001 and validated by comparing predicted with observed NO2 concentrations for a reserved set of 228 background sites. First the emission map (NOx) was derived by disaggregating national emissions estimates, categorised by source, to a 1 km grid, using proxies including population and road density, traffic statistics and land cover. A set of annuli was then constructed, of varying radii, and these passed over the emissions grid to derive a calibration between measured annual average concentrations at each monitoring site and distance-weighted emissions in the surrounding area, using a focalsum function. The resulting model was then used to predict concentrations at the reserved set of validation sites, and measures of performance (R2, RMSE and fractional bias) obtained. Validation gave R2 = 0.61, RMSE = 6.59 and FB = − 0.01, and indicated performance equivalent to universal kriging and better than ordinary kriging and land use regression.

ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Science of The Total Environment - Volume 408, Issue 2, 20 December 2009, Pages 255–266
نویسندگان
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