کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
4471076 1314481 2006 21 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Disrupted sex differentiation and feminization of man and domestic animals
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری علوم محیط زیست بهداشت، سم شناسی و جهش زایی
پیش نمایش صفحه اول مقاله
Disrupted sex differentiation and feminization of man and domestic animals
چکیده انگلیسی

Genital malformations constitute the most common birth defects in man and domestic animals and occur frequently in males since the participation of many genes is required for sex differentiation to proceed in the male direction. The precise dose, timing, and coordination needed for their expression add to the proneness of various stages in male sex differentiation to external influences. The emerging insight, through the identification of genes involved in the sex differentiation cascade, is that over 85% of sex anomalies in human and domestic animal populations are not attributable to chromosome aberrations or to mutations in a known gene. Since a majority of severely malformed individuals are incapable of reproduction, the high rates of these defects have to be results either of new mutations or of collaboration of environmental factors with genes. Increase in specific malformations in domestic animals often indicates increased concentration of liability genes brought together in the conceptus by inbreeding. However, in human populations where inbreeding is not the norm such increases may reflect environment-induced new mutations or interaction of environmental agents with hormone-sensitive genes. This review summarizes the information currently available on the genetics of major events in male sex differentiation and briefly discusses the collaborative role that environment may play in disrupting different components of this process.

ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Environmental Research - Volume 100, Issue 1, January 2006, Pages 18–38
نویسندگان
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