Cyclodextrin-based ultrasonic-assisted microwave extraction and HPLC-PDA-ESI-ITMSn separation and identification of hydrophilic and hydrophobic components of Polygonum cuspidatum: A green, rapid and effective process

• UAME was assessed as most efficient extraction method, compared to HRE, UE and ME.
• Cyclodextrin plays specific roles in the extraction of components from P. cuspidatum.
• An UAME with HP-β-CD as extractant maximized the extraction yields.
• Nineteen compounds were simultaneously identified by HPLC-PDA-ESI-ITMSn.
• Two compounds are firstly reported in P. cuspidatum.

The present paper studies the solvent potential of aqueous cyclodextrin for hydrophilic and hydrophobic components extraction from Polygonum cuspidatum and an HPLC-PDA-ESI-ITMSn method for the determination of these compounds. A comprehensive comparison study of four extraction techniques was carried out while employing different solvent systems, types of aqueous CDs, 95% ethanol and water, respectively. Results indicated that aqueous β-CD coupled with the ultrasonic-assisted microwave extraction (UAME) has the best extraction capacity to increase the yields and chemical composition of hydrophilic and hydrophobic components from P. cuspidatum. Then, the parameters of UAME affecting the extraction efficiency were evaluated and optimized. The highest total yields of four representative bioactive constituents, polydatin, resveratrol, emodin-8-O-β-d-glucoside and emodin from P. cuspidatum, were obtained with 10% hydroxypropyl-β-CD (HP-β-CD) as extractant using a ratio of sample mass/volume of solvent of 1:50 (g/mL), extracting at 80 °C for only 1 min. Subsequently, acquisition was analyzed by HPLC-PDA-ESI-ITMSn and 19 compounds were simultaneously separated and identified. Two of them are firstly reported in P. cuspidatum. The analyses evidenced that the presence of aqueous HP-β-CD based UAME lead to more efficient extraction for hydrophilic and hydrophobic components from P. cuspidatum and most of the compounds were unambiguously characterized by HPLC-PDA-ESI-ITMSn method.

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