Response surface optimization of mechanochemical-assisted extraction of flavonoids and terpene trilactones from Ginkgo leaves

Mechanochemical-assisted extraction (MCAE) method was developed for extraction of flavonoids and terpene trilactones from Ginkgo leaves. The MCAE parameters and the antioxidant activities of Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) were investigated. Through response surface methodology design experiments, the processing conditions were optimized as follows: amount of solid reagent (NaHCO3) 21%, milling time 7.5 min, and ratio of solvent to solid 33 mL/g. Under these conditions, the yields of flavonoids and terpene trilactones in GBE were 6.83 mg/g and 1.72 mg/g, respectively. Compared with the heat reflux extraction method, the yields of flavonoids and terpene trilactones are higher, and the extraction time was significantly shortened. What is more, the MCAE method only used water as solvent. GBE of MCAE possessed notable antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 11.7 and 13.8 μg/mL, respectively.

The flavonoids and terpene trilactone formed water-soluble salt because of reacting with NaHCO3 via mechanochemical treatment in AGO-2 high-intensity planetary activator.Figure optionsDownload as PowerPoint slideHighlights
► The bioactive compounds formed into water-soluble salts via milling with NaHCO3 by mechanical energy.
► The extraction process was carried out in room temperature.
► The extraction solvent was water instead of organic solvent.
► The production (GBE) shows notable antioxidant activity without loss.