Holocene geomorphological processes and soil development as indicator for environmental change around Karakorum, Upper Orkhon Valley (Central Mongolia)

► We investigate mantles of silt- and sand-size particles including paleosols. ► These archives were used to reconstruct the landscape evolution in the upper Orkhon Valley, Mongolia. ► Phases of landscape change, indicated by soil formation, occurred mainly in the mid Holocene. ► Since 3 ka a more intensified human occupation in the Upper Orkhon Valley occurred.