Importance of ground properties in the relationship of ground vibration–structural hazard and land application

• Blast-induced ground vibrations were evaluated according to the some hazard criteria.
• Assessments were made by using particle velocity and frequency values.
• Hazard situations show directional changes.
• When RMR values of rock structures decrease, frequency values decrease.
• Catastrophic damage risk increases with the decrease of RMR values of rock masses.

Vibration parameters like frequency, acceleration and particle velocity play an active role in the relationship of ground vibration–structural hazard. These parameters change depending on blasting energy and the properties of rock environment. Therefore, in the first step, rock mass properties and possible directional variation were investigated by using different geophysical methods (electrical resistivity, seismic refraction and multi-channel analysis of surface wave) and current sounding information. Each method offers different sensitivities and resolutions depending on the physical characteristics of different materials. Evaluating these as a whole increased the solubility of the research. According to seismic S- and P-wave velocities, electrical resistivity and sounding information, the study area consists of consecutive sequences of alluvium, clay limestone, tuff and limestone units. And these units show variations from place to place in the study area. In the second stage, evaluations were made according to the structural hazard standards used widely in the literature and components of velocity, acceleration and frequency obtained from blasting vibration seismograph and accelerometers. As a result, it is seen that ground vibrations show different spreading properties in different directions and different hazard risks depending on the geological structure of the region.