Mobile traffic modelling for wireless multimedia sensor networks in IoT

Wireless sensor networks suffer from some limitations such as energy constraints and the cooperative demands essential to perform multi-hop geographic routing for real-time applications. Quality of Service (QoS) depends to a great extent on offering participating nodes an incentive for collaborating. In this paper, we present a novel traffic model for a new-generation of sensor networks that supports a wide range of communication-intensive real-time multimedia applications. The model is used to investigate the effects of multi-hop communication on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) via Markov discrete-time M/M/1 queuing system. Moreover, an analytical formulation for the bit error rate (BER), and the critical path-loss model is presented. We address the degree of irregularity parameter for location-based switching with respect to two categories in distributed retransmission: the hop-by-hop and the end-to-end retransmission. Simulation results based on realistic case study and assumptions are performed to highlight the effects on the average packet delay, energy consumption, and network throughput. The findings presented in this work are of great help to designers of wireless multimedia sensor networks (WMSNs).