Uncovering the footprints of malicious traffic in wireless/mobile networks

This paper presents a measurement study that analyzes large-scale traffic data gathered from two different wireless scenarios: cellular and Wi-Fi networks. We first analyze packet traces and security event logs generated by over 2 million devices in a major US-based cellular network, and show that 0.17% of mobile devices are affected by security threats. We then analyze the aggregate network footprint of malicious and benign traffic in the cellular network, and demonstrate that statistical network features (e.g., uplink data transfer volume, IP entropy) can be effectively used to distinguish such malicious and benign traffic. We next investigate over 2.4 TB of Wi-Fi traffic data, which are generated by 27 K distinct users, in a university campus network. Based on the lessons learned from a comprehensive exploration of a large feature space consisting of over 500 statistical attributes derived from network traffic to/from malicious and benign domains, we propose a novel, in-house traffic screening method, which has the capability of effectively identifying potential malicious domains. Our method achieves over 90% accuracy with only using a small set of simple statistical network features, without using any additional specialized datasets (e.g., geo-location database) or resource-intensive solutions (e.g., DPI boxes to collect HTTP traffic.).