Rotating metal foam structures for performance enhancement of double-pipe heat exchangers

In order to enhance the amount of heat transported in a double-pipe heat exchanger, a compound enhancement is proposed incorporating both active and passive methods. The first one is through introducing secondary flows in the vicinity of the conducting surface using metal foam guiding vanes, which are fixed obliquely and rotating coaxially to trap fluid particles while rotation and then force them to flow over the conducting surface. The other is via covering the conducting surface between the two pipes with a metal foam layer to improve the heat conductance across it. This proposal is examined numerically by studying the three-dimensional, steady, incompressible, and laminar convective fluid flow in a counter-flow double-pipe heat exchanger partially filled with high porosity metal foam and rotating coaxially. With regards to the influence of rotation, both the centrifugal buoyancy and Coriolis forces are considered in the current study. The generalised model is used to mathematically simulate the momentum equations in the porous regions. Moreover, thermal dispersion has been taken into account while considering that fluid and solid phases are in a local thermal non-equilibrium. Computations are performed for a wide range of design parameters influencing the performance achieved such as the operating conditions, the configuration of the guiding vanes utilised, and the geometrical and thermal characteristics of the metal foam utilised. The results are presented by means of the heat exchanger effectiveness, pressure drop, and the overall system performance. The current proposed design has effectively proved its potential to enhance the heat transported considerably in view of the significant savings in the pumping power required compared to the heat exchangers fully filled with metal foams. Furthermore, the data obtained reveal an obvious impact of the design parameters inspected on both the heat exchanged and the pressure loss; and hence, the overall performance obtained. Although the heat exchanger effectiveness can be improved considerably by manipulating the design factors, care must be taken to avoid unnecessary expenses resulted from potential increases in pressure drop.