Anti-connective tissue growth factor detects and reduces plaque inflammation in early-stage carotid atherosclerotic lesions

Anti-CTGF polyclonal and nonspecific IgG antibodies were conjugated to polyethylene glycol-coated USPIOs, and apoE−/− carotid partial ligation model mice were imaged by MRI before and 24 h after contrast administration. CTGF-targeted USPIOs could be used for the noninvasive and quantitative imaging of CTGF protein expression to provide information on plaque morphology and the use of a CTGF-neutralizing antibody would reduce plaque volume. Atheromata of anti-CTGF-treated mice showed reduced macrophage deposition, CTGF expression, and plaque volume. CTGF is a potential therapeutic target for treating atherosclerosis.209