کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
5041197 1473960 2017 11 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Age differences in gain- and loss-motivated attention
ترجمه فارسی عنوان
تفاوت های سن در توجه به سود و زیان انگیز
کلمات کلیدی
سالخورده، انگیزه، تحریک فیزیکی، هشدار، توجه شبکه تست،
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری علم عصب شناسی علوم اعصاب شناختی
چکیده انگلیسی


- Visual attention is sensitive to gain and loss incentives in younger and older adults.
- Gain- and loss-incentive effects relate to a behavioral marker of phasic arousal in younger adults.
- Only gain incentives relate to this marker in older adults.

Adaptive gain theory (Aston-Jones & Cohen, 2005) suggests that the phasic release of norepinephrine (NE) to cortical areas reflects changes in the utility of ongoing tasks. In the context of aging, this theory raises interesting questions, given that the motivations of older adults differ from those of younger adults. According to socioemotional selectivity theory (Carstensen, Isaacowitz, & Charles, 1999), aging is associated with greater emphasis on emotion-regulation goals, leading older adults to prioritize positive over negative information. This suggests that the phasic release of NE in response to threatening stimuli may be diminished in older adults. In the present study, younger adults (aged 18-34 years) and older adults (60-82 years) completed the Attention Network Test (ANT), modified to include an incentive manipulation. A behavioral index of attentional alerting served as a marker of phasic arousal. For younger adults, this marker correlated with the effect of both gain and loss incentives on performance. For older adults, in contrast, the correlation between phasic arousal and incentive sensitivity held for gain incentives only. These findings suggest that the enlistment of phasic NE activity may be specific to approach-oriented motivation in older adults.

ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Brain and Cognition - Volume 111, February 2017, Pages 171-181
نویسندگان
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