کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
5143246 | 1496471 | 2017 | 11 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Biosynthesis and structure-activity relationships of the lipid a family of glycolipids
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موضوعات مرتبط
مهندسی و علوم پایه
شیمی
شیمی (عمومی)
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چکیده انگلیسی
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a glycolipid found in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, is a potent elicitor of innate immune responses in mammals. A typical LPS molecule is composed of three different structural domains: a polysaccharide called the O-antigen, a core oligosaccharide, and Lipid A. Lipid A is the amphipathic glycolipid moiety of LPS. It stimulates the immune system by tightly binding to Toll-like receptor 4. More recently, Lipid A has also been shown to activate intracellular caspase-4 and caspase-5. An impressive diversity is observed in Lipid A structures from different Gram-negative bacteria, and it is well established that subtle changes in chemical structure can result in dramatically different immune activities. For example, Lipid A from Escherichia coli is highly toxic to humans, whereas a biosynthetic precursor called Lipid IVA blocks this toxic activity, and monophosphoryl Lipid A from Salmonella minnesota is a vaccine adjuvant. Thus, an understanding of structure-activity relationships in this glycolipid family could be used to design useful immunomodulatory agents. Here we review the biosynthesis, modification, and structure-activity relationships of Lipid A.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Current Opinion in Chemical Biology - Volume 40, October 2017, Pages 127-137
Journal: Current Opinion in Chemical Biology - Volume 40, October 2017, Pages 127-137
نویسندگان
Xirui Xiao, Karthik Sankaranarayanan, Chaitan Khosla,