Effect of the addition of hydrophobic clay on the electrochemical property of polyacrylonitrile/LiClO4 polymer electrolytes for lithium battery

In this study, an organoclay, ALA-MMT, was prepared by the ionic exchange reaction of montmorillonite (MMT) with 12-aminododecanoic acid (ALA). ALA-MMT was then used as a filler to prepare a series of composite polymer electrolytes based on polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and LiClO4. The effect of the addition of ALA-MMT on the properties of the composite polymer electrolytes (CPEs) was investigated by XRD, FT-IR, DSC, tensile strength, AC impedance, and cyclic voltammetry measurements. It was found that the ALA-MMT particles were well dispersed in the CPEs. Owing to the incorporation of ALA-MMT, a higher fraction of the free anions was obtained, indicating that the lithium salt dissolved in the PAN matrix more effectively for the CPE than in the PAN/LiClO4 polymer electrolyte. Moreover, the glass-transition temperature was reduced, benefiting the ion transport. The best ionic conductivity at room temperature was obtained from the CPE with 7 wt% of the modified clay and 0.6 M LiClO4 per PAN repeat unit (CPE-7) and was more than seven times higher than that from the corresponding PAN/LiClO4 polymer electrolyte (CPE-0). The mechanical property and the cation transference number, t+, of CPE-7 are largely increased compared to that of CPE-0. Besides, the CPEs were electrochemically stabilized up to 4.75 V and the corresponding cell exhibited excellent electrochemical stability and cyclability over the potential range between 0 V and 4.0 V vs. Li/Li+.