Carboxymethyl chitosan-graft-phosphatidylethanolamine: Amphiphilic matrices for controlled drug delivery

Modified carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) containing phosphatidylethanolamine (PEA) groups were synthesized by a 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC)-mediated coupling reaction. The structure of the modified CMC exhibiting an amphiphilic character was analysed by FT-IR and 1H NMR. CMC-g-PEA beads were prepared with sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) by ionic-crosslinking. The beads sizes were in range from 800 to 1200 μm and encapsulation efficiencies of drug were more than 68%. The morphologies of CMC-g-PEA beads were examined with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The release experiments were performed using ketoprofen as an hydrophobic model drug. The drug dissolution kinetics showed longer release times for CMC-g-PEA beads: 20 h (at pH 1.4) and 45 h (at pH 7.4). The amount of the drug release was much higher in acidic solution than in basic solution due to the swelling properties of the matrix at acidic pH. These results suggest that modified CMC with PEA may become a potential delivery system to control the release of hydrophobic drugs.