Electrophilic aromatic addition reaction (AdEAr) to anthracene

After finding in a previous study that naphthalene and quinoline can react via electrophilic aromatic addition reaction (AdEAr), we applied this to anthracene. When anthracene was reacted with bromine in methanol in the presence of NaHCO3 and pyridine, 9,10-dihydro-9,10-dimethoxyanthracene (2) was obtained in 82% yield in the absence of substitution products or oxidative demethylation products like anthraquinone. The same reaction in ethanol produced 9,10-diethoxy-9,10-dihydroanthracene (9) in much lower yield (45%). In addition, we investigated the reactivity of addition product 2. Treatment of 2 with DDQ in benzene at 65 °C for 12 h produced 9,10-dimethoxyanthracene (3) in 62% yield, and 2 was rapidly transformed to 9-methoxyanthracene (4) in methanolic NaOH in 10 min. Moreover, the acid-catalyzed aromatization of 2 in 1-propanol at 75 °C for 10 min gave 9-n-propoxyanthracene (8) in 65% yield.