A new type of hybridized macroreticular catalyst: Polystyrene with both perfluoroalkanesulfonic and sulfonic functional groups

A new type of solid acid catalyst (FPSS) with two different acid functional groups, aromatic sulfonic similar to that of Amberlyst and perfluoroalkanesulfonic similar to that of Nafion, was synthesized by the following aromatic ω-fluorosulfonylperfluoroalkylation with perfluorodiacyl peroxide (SFAP), chlorosulfonation, hydrolysis and acidification. By changing synthetic conditions, the loading of two acid functional groups can be modulated. The FPSS resins showed high activity and good α-ionone selectivity in cyclization of pseudoionone.