Pd0/SnII mediated three-component cascade coupling (3-C3) approaches

The 3-C3 strategy involves (i) Pd(0)/SnX2 (X = Cl, Br) mediated generation of allyltin(IV) from allyl bromide in anhydrous DCM, (ii) formation of a homoallyloxytin(IV) intermediate from allyltin(IV) and an aldehyde, and (iii) coupling with an aldehyde, an aryl epoxide or an arene to afford tetrahydropyrans, benzyl tetrahydropyrans or 4,4-diarylbut-1-enes, respectively.