Probing the efficacy of peptide-based inhibitors against acid- and zinc-promoted oligomerization of amyloid-β peptide via single-oligomer spectroscopy

► Four fibrillogenesis inhibitors reduce zinc- and acid-promoted oligomerization. ► β-structured inhibitors with blocking groups best prevent association at pH 5.8. ► With zinc, multiple strategies give equal inhibition; oligomers may be looser. ► N-methylated Aβ16-22m is most effective across both sample environments.